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Damage of PE HD due to
2019-08-12
Damage of PE-HD due to both mechanisms is usually considered to emerge from a local stress concentration in the material, leading to the initiation of a crack, which subsequently propagates further through the material, and finally leads to macroscopic failure. In this process, crack growth occurs o
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In the brain E can modulate
2019-08-12
In the brain, E2 can modulate the mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) pathway, which is involved in the formation of different memory types (Atkins et al., 1998, Blum et al., 1999, Schafe et al., 2000). When the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is activated,
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MAPKs are a family of phosphorylating enzymes that orchestra
2019-08-12
MAPKs are a family of phosphorylating enzymes that orchestrate various cellular response in proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, stress response, and energy metabolism [11]. There are at least four major members including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), p38 mitogen-activat
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EPZ005687 br Results br Discussion The process by
2019-08-12
Results Discussion The process by which MBCs differentiate from GC B cell precursors remains mostly uncharacterized, in large part because of the uncertainty surrounding the nature of the precursor EPZ005687 within the GC. The identification here of a distinct subset of GC B cells, CCR6+ LZ B
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Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different
2019-08-12
Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naive and immune animals? Initially, GC 1,3-PBIT dihydrobromide must pass stringent affinity and specificity checkpoints to ensure only high-affinity non-self-reactive cells are selected. Therefore, restricting primary Tfh cells with the greate
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Functionally all members of the IL family
2019-08-12
Functionally, all members of the IL-12 family have been annotated along major inflammatory signaling axes but their roles have often weighed on opposing sides of the immunological balance. For instance, IL-12 and IL-23 are classified as pro-inflammatory cytokines [10] as opposed to the rather protec
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In conclusion adipose PGD suppressed the lipolysis by
2019-08-12
In conclusion, adipose PGD2 suppressed the lipolysis by decreasing the intracellular cAMP level through DP2R. Therefore, PGD2 enhanced adipocyte differentiation (lipid accumulation) through both repression of the lipolysis via DP2R and activation of the lipogenesis via PPARγ. Thus, L-PGDS and DP2R a
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cholesterol absorption inhibitor While several C terminal pe
2019-08-12
While several C-terminal peptides have been reported to have modest (astressin) or substantial (astressin2-B, antisauvagine-30) subtype selectivity for the CRF2 receptor (), [125I]YP20 is the first reported small analog of the C-terminus of CRF exhibiting subtype selectivity for the CRF1 receptor vs
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Magnified regions of the upregulated proteins identified
2019-08-12
Magnified regions of the upregulated proteins identified by MALDI-TOF are shown in Fig. 2. The identified proteins were phosphoglycerate kinase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase class II, alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphoglyceromutase, 6-phosphogluconolactonase, malate dehydrogenase, alkyl hydroperoxide
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Estrogen receptor related receptor ERR like other
2019-08-12
Estrogen receptor-related receptor γ (ERRγ), like other members of the ERR subfamily, is a constitutively active orphan nuclear receptor, though unlike ERRα and β, it is more selectively expressed in metabolically active and highly vascularized tissues such as heart, kidney, brain, and skeletal musc
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br Conclusion br Introduction br CRL
2019-08-09
Conclusion Introduction CRL4 E3 ligases in tumorigenesis Small molecule-based PROTACs PROTAC: Major biological impacts Acknowledgements The authors sincerely apologize to all those colleagues whose important work was not cited in this paper owing to space limitations. They thank th
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In this paper we describe a facile and universal
2019-08-09
In this paper, we describe a facile and universal method for in situ crosslinking of DNA micelles, using spherically directed reduction of metal ions. As shown in Scheme 1A, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) consisting of a ligand domain, a template domain, and a lipid domain was designed as a monomer t
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br Conclusions The PQQ dependent CcPDH is the first PQQ
2019-08-09
Conclusions The PQQ-dependent CcPDH is the first PQQ-dependent enzyme identified in eukaryotes. The PQQ cofactor binds the enzyme with high affinity, reflected in a Kd of 1.1 nM, and the enzyme oxidizes 2KG, l-fucose, and rare sugars such as d-arabinose and l-galactose. The AA8 cytochrome b domai
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The purposes of this study
2019-08-09
The purposes of this study are to investigate the molecular function of DDR2, especially in cellular proliferation in prechondrocytes, and to examine the relationship between the proliferation and differentiation of prechondrocytes through both in vitro and in vivo analysis. Materials and methods
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Introduction Eicosanoid lipid prostaglandin D PGD
2019-08-09
Introduction Eicosanoid lipid prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is the major prostaglandin produced by activated mast ssr distributorsmsds (Lewis and Austen, 1981). The physiological function of PGD2 is mainly mediated by two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), PGD2 receptor 1 and 2 (DP1 and DP2), which sh
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